Inner Journey Cosi - 2128 Words

Inner Journey Assessment William F Buckley quoted â€Å"If all difficulties were known at the outset of a long journey most of us would never start at all†. This quote relates to journeys, specifically to inner journeys with the intention that many journeys are difficult and if individuals knew how difficult the journey was going to be, then most of us would not even commence the journey. A journey is simply a movement from one place to another. Physical journeys are gateways to inner journeys, which is a journey of the mind and spirit. Inner journeys take place when an individual experiences events or is involved in relationships that act as a catalyst to gain greater understanding about themselves and the world. Inner journeys can be†¦show more content†¦The metaphor transfers the journey from a physical one. The persona is confronted with the choice of two roads, both fairly similar ‘two roads diverged in a yellow wood’, and must decide which one he wants to travel. This is si milar to Lewis’s situation where he has to decide between politics, and true love and fidelity and which is more important. The persona, with ultimately choosing the one that was ‘grassy and wanted wear’ and the ‘ one less travelled by’. He wanted to break away from the norm and experience something new. This road may be more rewarding despite the fact it presents more challenges. The inner journey is depicted through the use of language techniques such as, extended metaphor, first person pronoun, repetition and symbolism. The use of first person pronoun ‘I’ shows that it is a personal journey where choices need to be made. The repetition of ‘I’ in the last stanza highlights the speaker’s solitude and that he is proud of the choice he has made ‘and I-I took the one less travelled by’, also emphasises that we are responsible for our own decisions on our own journey. It helps the audience connect to the poem and inturn reflect on their own inner journey experiences. Frost uses symbolism in the word in the first line of the first stanza in ‘yellow’ of the wood. This symbolises the season autumn and the autumnal time in ones life where time is running out and decisions need to be made, this demonstratesShow MoreRelatedâ€Å"a Journey of a Thousand Miles Begins with a Single Step†1014 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish Expository SAC- Inner Journeys â€Å"A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step† The purpose of this expository piece is to explore various effects of a journey that is initiated from a single step. The argument will be presented using previous texts studied in class in relation to the prompt â€Å"A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. The intended audience is to people of all ages, but specifically to students studying the concepts of inner journeys. All human beingsRead MoreDante s Paradise Lost, And Homer s Iliad2502 Words   |  11 Pages No mental reservation impairs Dante’s acceptance of Divine authority. Not a backward look does he cast when he entrusts of its keeping. No man, having put his hand to the plough, and looking back, is fitting for the kingdom of God. When on his Journey, Dante reaches with Virgil, his guide, the of Purgatory, the keeper warns the travelers of their danger: â€Å"He pushed the hammers of the sacred door. ‘Enter,’ he said, ‘but you should be aware those who look back are cast outside once more.’ And the

Racism, The Belief In The Superiority Of One Race Over

Racism, the belief in the superiority of one race over another; discrimination against an individual or group of people, based on racial background, usually color [1]. In August 2011, a group of white adolescents were in Jackson Mississippi on a mission of hate: to find and hurt an African American. The actions of these white adolescents gave way for an unfortunate reminder of the assassination of past civil rights leader Medgar Evans back in 1963. Racism as a whole is far from over, but society is taking the initiative faster and stronger than ever before. In September 2001, â€Å"the adoption of the Declaration and Programme of Action (DDPA) to combat racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance† was enacted [2]. We must†¦show more content†¦Although identity was so vague, problems arose for scholars when separating races, consequently leading to the development of the term racial identity, a term more â€Å"segregated†. Racism at the ti me was a developed by Colonialists to in some way justify keeping power among â€Å"whites†. In the article Whiteness, Racism, and Identity, Barbara J. Fields conceives the term ‘whiteness’ and defines it as; â€Å"it performs a series of deft displacements, first submitting race for racism, then postulating identity as the social substance of race, and finally attributing racial identity to persons of European descent† [3]. When analyzing this definition, it brought to the light the true attitude of Europeans, which was that because they were white, they were the superior â€Å"race† and controlled power. In 1967, Frantz Fanon, one of the most influential participants involved with decolonization, stated: â€Å"The habit of considering racism as a mental quirk, as a psychological flaw, must be abandoned† [4]. The structure of race at the time in France was very underdeveloped and minimal, resulting in the differences of power not being considered a problem, rather a phenomenon [5]. In the article Rethinking Racism: Toward A Structural Interpretation by Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, Bonilla-Silva supplies Benedicts (1945) definition of race: â€Å"the dogma that one ethnic group is condemned by nature to congenital inferiority and another group is destined to congenital superiority† [6].Show MoreRelatedRacism : Racism And Discrimination927 Words   |  4 Pageswhat stemmed the root of racism and discrimination. But who is to say that racism is a term that is only associated with Blacks, African Americans, or those of African descent. Racism according to Merriam Webster dictiona ry is a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race. Even though it is a term that may be applied to the lack of respectful treatment against any race outside an individual’sRead MoreA Brief Note On Social Construction Of Race Essay1378 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Construction of Race One of the social reforms that are argued to have been achieved by the contemporary society is acknowledged that all people within the society are equal irrespective of some socio-cultural differences such as race. The view that all persons are equal is ingrained in the society and supported by an array of a legal framework. One of the supporting legal frameworks is the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights, which asserts that all persons must be treated with equalityRead MoreRacism : A Social Problem1677 Words   |  7 PagesRacism: A Social Problem Explanations that justify the use of racism directly relates to differential treatment of minority groups and contributes to racism’s existence as an unstoppable social problem. The foundations of these explanations are based on the common misunderstanding of the definition of race. Thus, problems that tend to concentrate in one race are mistakenly judged as â€Å"race problems†. This judgement leads to the establishment of a system of inequality between a superior race and inferiorRead MoreEssay about Racism is Unacceptable1148 Words   |  5 PagesRacism is Unacceptable From the beginning of recorded history, possibly before then, humans have found a necessity for classifying and categorizing every aspect of life. This need for order has been used to efficiently organize and clarify the endless details on Earth. This arrangement of objects in groups has also created a very sinister and volatile mindset that some people live by. This associative manner of classification has lead to the formation of beliefs in race identities, stereotypesRead MoreRacism: A Social Problem Essay1716 Words   |  7 Pagesthat justify the use of racism directly relates to differential treatment of minority groups and contributes to racism’s existence as an unstoppable social problem. The foundations of these explanations are based on the common misunderstanding of the definition of race. Thus, problems that tend to concentrate in one race are mistakenly judged as â€Å"race problems†. This judgement leads to the establishment of a system of inequality betwe en a superior race and inferior races. However, the logic behindRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1129 Words   |  5 Pagesis a story of race relations between slaves and whites and is often percieved as racist book. To understand what racism is, we have to define it. Racism is: a belief that inherent differences among various races determines cultural or individual achievement, usually involving the idea that one’s own race is superior and has the right to rule others. Going off the definition of racism, this novel represents a clear racist sentiment as white characters excercise their superiority over blacks and societyRead MoreSexism And Racism : Racism And Prejudice Essay1348 Words   |  6 PagesSexism vs Racism Discrimination and prejudice have both been a major problem in our society since the idea of gender and race contacted our brains. Everyone hopes that humankind will change and treat everyone equally and fairly, but this still has yet to happen. Mankind is still treating people as minorities without a second thought. Women are still stereotyped as being too feminine for a â€Å"man’s job†, such as construction or military forces. As well as, men being considered to manly to be ableRead MoreGod of Small Things960 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Race Theory in The God of Small Things Sex and race are always useful and mentioned with intention in texts. In Arundhati Roy’s novel The God of Small Things there is a clear intention to the use of sex and race to keep and rid of the main key characters in the novel. The character or characters who engage in unlawful sexual acts are punished while unwanted or undesired race is purged. In this Indian society that worships England, Love Laws, and the Caste System race and sex creates intra-racialRead MoreRacism And The Social Structures Of Race Essay1700 Words   |  7 Pagesidea of race has been constructed over hundreds of years, with numerous cultural implications arising from this construction. Since Johann Fredrich Blumenbach’s racial hierarchy, the inventor of a â€Å"†¦modern racial classification (Gould 1994:66), the idea of race as a scientific truth justified slavery, colonisation and other existing racial structures. We see these racial hierarchies with notions of white superiority affecti ng events around the globe everyday; regardless of the fact that race has beenRead MoreUnderstanding Diversity Within The 21st Century1272 Words   |  6 PagesIn analyzing the history of mankind, there seems to be a disturbing trend that threads through the accounts of inchoate relations between peoples of different races. We find that when human beings from heterogeneous societies encounter other human beings from other heterogeneous societies, the differences between those human beings tends to evoke distrust, ire, and disgust. â€Å"Us-against-them† constructs are summarily built, as people put up mental-emotional barriers for â€Å"protection,† in whatever form

Competitive Economic Landscape Organizations - Research Hypotheses

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Economic Landscape Organizations. Answer: Introduction The competitive economic landscape has organizations seeking advantages over another. Gherman, Brad and Dincu (2016) suggest the competitiveness of organizations can be enhanced with training and development of its employees to keep pace with the evolution of organizations within the dynamics of an organization. The aim of this research would be to establish the relationship between the internal training, development and motivation of employees and the competitive advantage of the firms. Literature review Moreover, Gherman, Brad and Dincu (2016) suggest the motivations of its workforce become more powerful with knowledge as organizations diversify and crease in complexities. Furthermore, as organizations grow both in size and complexity, organizations are including knowledge skills as a means to inspire individuals and strengthen teams and the partnerships within organizations (Gherman, Brad and Dincu, 2016). It is believed that organizational leaders must monitor the effectiveness of the design of the organization is a necessary step toward maintaining the longevity of the organization (Pinder, 2014). With the expansion of technology and its effects on how people in organizations work and communicate with each other it is important for organizational decision-makers to determine the best methods to maximize human resources (Powerful, 2013). Research questions and hypotheses Research questions This research has two key research questions. These questions can be discussed as: How can internal training and development improve the competitive position of the firms in the competitive markets? How can motivation of employees influence the competitive position of the firms in the competitive markets? Hypotheses The internal training and development programs for employees help the organization to gain competitive advantage in the market. Operational definitions and measurement Training Development: The internal training program for employees as devised by organizations. Research methodologies: Data collection and analysis Sampling techniques The primary research methods and secondary research methods would be utilized to complete this research (Pickard, 2013). The primary research would be done in the form of online survey and the secondary research would be done on the data collected through literature review. The primary research methods and the secondary research methods for this research work can be discussed as: Primary research A random sampling method would be used to pick 80 executives from the Australian firms. The firms would be multinational firms that have to operate in the global competitive environment. The online survey method may not work best to collect qualitative information (Valencia, 2011). Therefore, focused group interviews would be done to collect qualitative information through open-ended questions. Therefore, the primary research would use both online survey and focused group interviews. There are various types of sampling methods that could be used to create a sample of 80 people. In this research work, the researcher would use systematic or stratified sampling methods. The researcher would ensure that the sample is representative in nature. It can be done with the use of few constraints in the sample collection. These constraints can be highlighted as: C1: At least 20% of the population/ respondents (80 people) are female executives C2: At least 20% of the respondents (of 80 people) would be the members of leadership team of multinational organizations Secondary research The secondary research would be an important part of the entire research process. The secondary research would be done through literature review. To complete the literature review, the researcher would conduct an extensive literature review (McDonough, 2011). The sources of literature review would include both online and offline resources. The online sources of literature review would include the online library and credible web sources. The offline sources of literature review would include the books, magazines and articles. Method of analysis The data collection and analysis would be a complex process in this research work as there would be both quantitative and qualitative. The researcher would collect the quantitative data from online survey. The literature review would be the base for the qualitative data (Hair, 2007). To complete the data analysis, the researcher would use the statistical tools, SPSS, spreadsheets and Microsoft Excel. Research process The research process that the researcher would use in this research can be discussed as: Step 1: The research objectives and research problem This is phase in which the researcher would define the research objectives and formulate the research questions for this research work (Carr, 2012). The two research questions for this research work are already defined. Step 2: Extensive Literature Review This is the phase in which the researcher would carry out the literature review of online and offline sources (Brummans, 2013). The researcher can slightly modify the research questions after the literature review. Step 4: Primary research and Data collection For this research work, the primary research has two components of online survey and focused group interview (Robson, 2011). In this phase, the researcher would mail the online survey to the sample population. Step 5: Data collection and analysis The data collection and analysis would be a complex process in this research work as there would be both quantitative and qualitative. The researcher would collect the quantitative data from online survey. The literature review would be the base for the qualitative data (Hair, 2007). To complete the data analysis, the researcher would use the statistical tools, SPSS, spreadsheets and Microsoft Excel. Step 6: Conclusion and Results In this phase, the researcher would compile the results and would create a formal report from the research. The formal report would have the expected outcomes and the objectives that research has achieved. Expected outcomes It is expected that the researcher would be able to meet the desired objectives of this research. It is expected that the researcher would be able to establish the relationship between the internal training, development and motivation of employees and the competitive advantage of the firms. Conclusion The above paper is the research work in the area of training and development of employees and the impact of training programs on the competitive position of the firms. References Caron, A. H., Hwang, J. M., Brummans, B. H., Caronia, L. (2013). Business writing on the go: How executives manage impressions through e-mail communication in everyday work life. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 18(1), 8-25. Hair, J. F. (2007). Research methods for business. Lin, H. E., McDonough, E. F. (2011). Investigating the role of leadership and organizational culture in fostering innovation ambidexterity. Engineering Management, IEEE Transactions on, 58(3), 497-509. Naranjo-Valencia, J. C., Jimnez-Jimnez, D., Sanz-Valle, R. (2011). Innovation or imitation? The role of organizational culture. Management Decision, 49(1), 55-72. Pickard, A. J. (2013).Research methods in information. Facet Publ. Pinder, C. C. (2014). Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press. Powerful, W. I. O. C. (2003). Leading by leveraging culture. California Management Review, 45(4), 20. Robson, C. (2011).Real world research: a resource for users of social research methods in applied settings. Chichester: Wiley. Zikmund, W., Babin, B., Carr, J., Griffin, M. (2012).Business research methods. Cengage Learning. Gherman, R., Brad, I., Dincu, A. (2016). The role and importance of human resources in organizations. Agricultural Management / Lucrari Stiintifice Seria I, Management Agricol, 18(2), 63-66.

Reintroduction Essays - Wolf Reintroduction,

Reintroduction Of Wolves The Reintroduction of Wolves In my opinion, wolves should be able to live and survive in the wild. Ranchers do need to consider that wolves have a major influence in our eco system. Grizzly bears fed on elk carcass only in the spring. Now there is more carcasses available year round. A lot of animals have died due to lack of food. Recently the Mexican Gray wolf was brought into New Mexico from the Cheyenne Mountain Zoo. Hopefully, they will survive and adapt. Since wolves have a strong natural instinct to return home, they should in time successfully establish new territories here. Wolves are very family orientated and feel safe living near their family. Man continues to be the wolves worst enemy. This is sad and unfortunate because wolves are already on the Endangered Species List. At one time gray wolves lived in forty-eight states and Mexico. Today gray wolves are mostly in Minnesota. The attempts at reestablishing wolves in Yellowstone is still undetermined. Many ranchers objected. Activities such as hunting, farming and logging have contributed to the wolves extinction. As Lorenz states in The Dove and The Wolf, "we did not receive our weapons from nature. We made them ourselves, of our own free will." (526) The list of endangered species is growing rapidly in much of the world and rates of extinction are likely to rise as human population rises. The fate of the wolf is up to us and our willingness to share the earth with wild animals. We can encourage young people to discover nature and explore and examine wild life. Such understanding will never replace what is lost but will insure what remains. The spirit and mystery seen in the eyes of a wolf should be all the incentive we need.

Development of IT skills Essay Example

Development of IT skills Essay Example Development of IT skills Essay Development of IT skills Essay You are required to compose on one topic of your pick. The 1000 word-limit does non include figures/tables or mentions. These essays subjects will non needfully include stuff from talks. They are intended to supply you with an chance to research new subjects that are complimentary to the faculty. Essaies must be word processed. This will help your development of IT skills. Transcripts of the essays must be saved electronically and you must upload your essay electronically to the Assignment Upload country in the VLE COMPULSORY DATA HANDLING PROBLEMS Along with the talk class and practical exercisings for this faculty, you are besides provided with four informations managing exercisings. These exercisings are designed to assist you derive insight into assorted facets of the class. If you have difficulty with any of these jobs, you should confer with Prof. Chopra every bit shortly as possible. PLEASE MAKE SURE THAT YOU COMPLETE EACH PROBLEM AS A SEPARATE PIECE OF WORK, EACH PAGE MUST BE ACCOMPANIED BY AN ASSESSED COURSEWORK COVERSHEET TO ENABLE EASE OF DISTRIBUTION TO MARKERS. PROBLEM 1: Case Study 1 ( Professor Mark Wilcox ) A four-year-old male child is referred to the clinic with a history of a painful arm and cubitus. He fell while on a mounting frame five yearss ago, and lacerated his right forearm. He has become more ailing in the last 24 hours with a febrility, purging, and abdominal hurting. On scrutiny he is suffering, dehydrated, and hectic. His right forearm is finely stamp over the country of the lesion and his cubitus is hot, conceited and stamp. His venters is stamp, but there is no recoil or guarding. His thorax is clear. The consequences of initial probes are given below. Questions 1. What is the likely diagnosing? Cellulitis. The male child fell and in making so lacerated the tegument on his forearm leting bacteriums, in this instance Staphylococcus aureus, to come in the tegument at the hypodermic or cuticular bed. The heat, hurting and redness at the country of the lesion are characteristic of cellulitis. The febrility and general unease that the male child is enduring from is besides declarative of cellulitis. Diagnosis would normally be carried out based on visual aspect and symptoms. 2. What farther probes would you execute? Blood trials or blood civilizations. Often it is hard to place the causative being through local civilizations. Blood civilizations are normally merely positive if the patient develops generalized sepsis. Cellulitis frequently has the same symptoms as a blood coagulum so it is sometimes utile to extinguish Deep Vein Thrombosis as a possible cause. Diagnosis of DVT can be done with a compaction leg ultrasound. 3. How would you handle this status? Initially I would rest the forearm and clean the lesion. I would propose giving antibiotics intra venously in the first 24-72 hours instead than orally, as the infection is distributing really fast and the patient has a high febrility. Intra venous antibiotics used could be penicillin-based antibiotics ( e.g. penicillin G or flucloxacillin ) or Mefoxins ( e.g. Claforan or cephazolin ) . Once symptoms have become less terrible and the patient is get downing to experience better I would order unwritten antibiotics such as penicillin, flucloxacillin, Ceftin, or Erythrocin and would propose the patient went place and rested. I would besides take a firm stand the patient completed his class of antibiotics until all marks of infection have disappeared, e.g. swelling or inflammation. PROBLEM 2: Case Study 2 ( Dr Richard Hobson ) A 43-year old male sheep-farmer nowadayss to his general practician kicking that he is traveling xanthous . He foremost noticed this one hebdomad antecedently. He has no other symptoms. Until last twelvemonth this adult male lived and worked in rural Greece, but he retired to the United Kingdom to be near to his household. Other than coming to the UK he has neer travelled outside mainland Europe. Physical scrutiny reveals mild icterus and a reasonably enlarged liver, which is otherwise wholly normal. An abdominal ultrasound scrutiny reveals the presence of a 9 centimeter fluid-filled pit within the right lobe of his liver and dilated intrahepatic gall canals, and is otherwise normal. Computed Tomography ( CT ) scanning confirms the presence of a 9 centimeter liver cyst and dilated gall canals, but once more is otherwise normal. Questions: 1. What two parasitic ( i.e. anthelmintic or protozoon ) diseases are most normally associated with big fluid-filled multitudes in the liver? Anthelmintic diseases are most normally associated with big fluids would be Entomoeba histolytica or Echinococcus granulosus. 2. Based on epidemiological and clinical findings, which is the most likely parasitic diagnosing in this instance, and why? Tapeworm. Echinococcus granulosus is common among sheep husbandmans as it cycles between carnivores ( Canis familiariss ) and herbivores ( sheep ) . The hydatid cysts typically develop in the liver and lungs, which explains his impaired liver map ( traveling yellow which would bespeak icterus ) and the cysts. 3. Describe in item how this disease is acquired. The sheep famer will hold acquired Echinococcus granulosus through inadvertent consumption of fecal matters of an septic Canis familiaris. Oncospheres would so be released into the duodenum of the husbandman, infiltrate the bowel and so be carried via the blood stream to different variety meats, in this instance the liver. 4. Give a full history of the diagnostic methods that are available to corroborate this diagnosing, and suggest specific trial ( s ) that should be undertaken in this patient. Medical imaging utilizing MRI or ultrasound can assist to place the presence of cysts. Serologic proving such as an Elisa trial can besides be carried out utilizing 96 good home bases coated with antigens from Echinococcus granulosus ( from hydatid fluid ) to IgG antibodies. ELISA trials can besides be performed to set up the presence of cyst fluid, protoscolex, and/or oncosphere antibodies in the serum. In the instance of positive consequences, the usage of ELISA and a hunt for anti-8 kD set antibodies by Western smudge can be carried out for a species-specific diagnosing. The presence of stray hooklets is diagnostic for echinococcosis. Hooklets can be observed in the hydatid fluid and can be visualised in the phlegm following purging. [ 1 ] Lesions can be detected by CT scan or sonography ; a septate construction is typical of active cysts. In the instance of this patient, cysts, dilated gall canals and lesions have been identified so I would urge an ELISA trial to corroborate an infection with Echinococcus granulosus tapeworms.1. [ 2 ] 5. Describe the life rhythm of the infecting being every bit to the full as possible, utilizing appropriate nomenclature. Compare and contrast this life rhythm with that of Taenia saginata, the beef cestode. The grownup cestode inhabits the little bowel of the marauder known as the unequivocal host ( in this instance the Canis familiaris ) . E. granulosus worms are typically 2 to 7 millimeters long and consist of a scolex with chumps and maulerss, every bit good as at least three sections ( known as proglottids ) . Proglottids have both male and female sexual variety meats and can bring forth parasite eggs that are up to 30-40 Â µm in size and contain embryos, known as oncospheres. [ 3 ] The eggs are excreted in the fecal matters of the unequivocal host and are released into the environment. They are morbific to susceptible intermediate hosts and can besides by chance infect worlds. The unequivocal host may be infected with 1000s of worms, each of which can bring forth 1000s of eggs per twenty-four hours. After consumption of the eggs by the intermediate host, the oncospheres hatch from the eggs, penetrate the enteric mucous membrane, so enter the blood and/or lymphatic system and migrate to the variety meats, peculiarly to the liver. A few yearss after the oncospheres reach the liver, a fluid-filled cyst begins to develop, which later differentiates into multiple beds to go the metacestode, known as a hydatid cyst. A cestode may go through through several intermediate hosts before it finds the right unequivocal host. In comparing sections incorporating eggs break off from the Taenia saginata worm and are so carried in the fecal bolus. The sections so deviate from the bolus and stick to the grass. However, in a similar mode to the E. granulosus worms the sections are ingested by a bovine intermediate host. Upon consumption the sections are digested in the intestine, breathing some 50,000 to 100,000 eggs. The eggs so emerge, each let go ofing a larva with 6 maulerss, known as the oncosphere or hexacanth. The oncosphore is able to infiltrate the intestine mucoa, making the musculuss via the blood stream ( oncospheres of E. granulosus besides penetrate the intestine wall and are besides carried by the blood stream ) . The oncosphere becomes filled with fluid and matures into a cysticercus ; 8mm in length. If an single chows raw or undercooked beef infected with the Taenia saginata worm, the cysticercus is explosions let go ofing the scolex. The scolex so attaches to the little bowel mucous membrane a nd begins to shoot off, organizing a long concatenation of sections. After 3 months the worm grows to 4-5 m in length and sections incorporating eggs interrupt off and get down to go through through the anus. The worm is long lasting, populating from 5 to 20 old ages or more. Worlds are the unequivocal host for the Taenia saginata worm, unlike E. granulosus worms where the Canis familiaris is the unequivocal host. [ 4 ] 6. Give a full history of the intervention options that are available for this disease, and the possible complications of the disease and/or its intervention? Open surgery used to be the individual method available for the intervention of Echinococcal cysts. New interventions going available though as experience grows. For illustration laparoscopic techniques such as the PAIR process, Percutaneous Aspiration, Introduction of a protoscolicidal agent and Reaspiration. Chemotherapy is besides another option of intervention which may forestall unneeded surgery. Some cysts have no symptoms, particularly if greatly calcified and hence thought to be nonviable so may merely necessitate simple observation. Northern or cervid strains cysts are likely to be straightforward and slow to develop. Nevertheless, the bulk of cysts, particularly if diagnostic or perchance feasible, should nt be left untreated. Treatment can include albendazole or mebendzole at a low dose over a long period of clip to take any larvae remaining in the organic structure, in combination with either surgery or the PAIR process. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Possible complications include hazard of spliting a hydatid cyst during surgery doing spillage of protoscolices which may take to anaphylactic daze. Chemotherapy is chiefly parasitostatic and may therefore non be considered healing. PROBLEM 3: Antimicrobial Drug Action ( Professor Ian Chopra ) The undermentioned experiment was performed to analyze the consequence of antibiotics on the growing and viability of Staphylococcus aureus. Samples ( 10 milliliter ) from a civilization of S. aureus turning exponentially in Mueller-Hinton stock were pipetted into flasks incorporating synercid, or synercid and Achromycin, at the minimal concentration required to suppress growing and incubation was continued at 37 A ; deg ; C. A farther sample served as an antibiotic-free control. Aliquots were taken at intervals for finding of civilization denseness by an optical method and for finding of feasible cell Numberss by thining the civilization with unfertile saline and plating extra 0.2 milliliter samples onto the surface of Mueller-Hinton agar. After 24 h incubation at 37 A ; deg ; C the figure of settlements on each home base was counted and the consequences obtained are recorded in the Table below. During the 50 min incubation the optical denseness of the antibiotic-free control suspension of bacteriums increased by 75 % while the optical densenesss of the other civilizations remained changeless. Synercid is a mixture of two constituents, quinupristin and dalfopristin in the ratio of 30:70 ( w/w ) . The minimal growing repressive concentrations of quinupristin and dalfopristin are 30 and 20 Â µg/ml severally. When quinupristin, dalfopristin, and Achromycin were added separately to civilizations of S. aureus at their minimal growing repressive concentrations, there was no alteration in feasible cell Numberss during 50 min incubation. Questions 1. What decisions can be drawn from these informations on the effects of the antibiotics on S. aureus? Both antibiotics are effectual in cut downing settlement count of S. aureus. However combination therapy i.e. synercid and tetracycline together are more effectual than synercid on its ain. This is because synercid is a drug made up of two streptogramin antibiotics, quinupristin and dalfopristin which work synergistically to handle Staphylococcus infections. Streptogramins contain two structurally unrelated molecules, groups A and B. Quinupristin ( group A ) and dalfopristin ( group B ) bind to the 50S ribosomal fractional monetary unit but at different sites ; quinupristin at a site nearby to the 50S fractional monetary unit and dalfopristin to the 23S subdivision of the 50S fractional monetary unit. The binding of dalfopristin to the 23S subdivision brings about a conformational alteration therefore increasing the binding of quinupristin by up to 100 times. Quinupristin inactivates peptidyltransferase and dalfopristin precludes the placement of peptidyl-tRNA at the P site therefore suppressing peptide bond formation. Quinupristin and dalfopristin are effectual combinable antibiotics because they behave synergistically ; the binding of one promotes the binding of the other and individually their effects are bacteriostatic but in combination they have bactericidal belongingss. Tetracycline and synercid besides work synergistically because Achromycin prevents association of aminoacyl-tRNA with the ribosome by adhering to the 30S ribosomal fractional monetary unit and through an interaction with 16S rRNA prevents the moorage of amino-acylated transfer RNA. It hence follows that quinupristin, Achromycin and dalfopristin work by suppressing the same facet of ribosomal synthesis ; conveying about a ternary obstruction and in making so is more effectual in cut downing settlement count of Staphylococcus aureus. 2. What is the average coevals clip in proceedingss of the beings turning in the antibiotic-free control civilization? Average coevals clip is the clip taken for the figure of settlements of bacteriums in the sample to duplicate. By plotting a graph of clip against log to the base 10 of settlement organizing units and plotting a line of best tantrum, the gradient can be deduced. This value can so be put into this equation N= N0E kt where N equals the figure of settlements, N0 the initial population count, K is the changeless and T is clip ; the duplicating clip can be calculated. Bioinformatic analysis of a part of the chromosome of Staphylococcus aureus strain Mu50 that is indispensable for bacterial viability. The bulk of normally used antibacterial drugs mark comparatively few proteins or procedures within the bacterial cell. The handiness of bacterial genome sequences can be an of import factor in the hunt for fresh antibacterial agents aiming antecedently unexploited cellular procedures or tracts. S. aureus is an of import human pathogen and the genome sequences of a figure of strains have now been completed, including several methicillin immune strains. These microbic genomes, and many others, are held and can be analysed in silico at the Comprehensive Microbial Resource ( CMR ) on The J. Craig Venter Institute web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jcvi.org/cms/research/projects/cmr/ ) . Functional analysis of bacterial genomes involves the systematic scrutiny of the cellular map of all proteins encoded by the genome of a given bacterial species. Normally, jumping gene and insertional mutagenesis attacks are employed to look into cistron map. S. aureus Mu50 is a Vancocin immune strain of MRSA whose genome is 2.8 Mbp s in size. Functional analysis of the genome of this being has revealed a figure of parts of the chromosome that encode proteins which seem to be of import for cell viability. Such proteins, if non antecedently recognised as being required for viability, may stand for fresh marks for the development of antibacterial drugs. The DNA sequence of one such country of the S. aureus chromosome, the alleged yycFG part, can be downloaded from the MICR3290 are in the Blackboard VLE and should be used for this analysis. Previous familial experiments have shown that jumping gene mutations or insertionally inactivated mutations of the yycFG part can non be obtained. Important information required to finish this exercising. Deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and written text occur in the 5 to 3 way and by convention DNA sequences are normally written in the 5 to 3 orientation. Bacterial chromosomes are dual isolated Deoxyribonucleic acid molecules. For convenience, DNA sequences are normally represented merely as the top ( + ) strand, even though the Deoxyribonucleic acid molecule is made up of two complementary anti-parallel strands. The top ( + ) strand is transcribed in the same way as the reproduction of the chromosome. You should observe nevertheless, that cistrons can besides be transcribed on the underside ( ) strand of the two-base hit stranded DNA molecule. S. aureus about ever uses ATG as a start codon and can utilize both TAA and TAG as stop codons. The ATG start codon codifications for methionine, which is the first amino acid of a translated protein sequence. Ribosome binding sites ( RBSs ) of cistrons are normally located instantly upstream of start codons. In staphyloccal cistrons RBSs are hard to foretell but recognized sequences include GTAAT, AAAGA and TAGAG. When shoping DNA and protein sequences to place possible start codons and ORF s it is frequently utile to utilize a position that displays both the base and matching protein sequence together. For the intent of this exercising merely DNA sequences coding for proteins larger than 150 aminic acids should be considered likely ORFs. A utile tool for interpreting DNA sequences in all reading frames can be found on the Expert Protein Analysis System ( ExPASy ) web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //ca.expasy.org/tools/dna.html ) . Simply paste the protein sequence into the question box. Unknown protein sequences can be compared with proteins held in sequence databases utilizing the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool ( BLAST ) . BLAST analyses can be carried out utilizing the National Centre for Biotechnology Information ( NCBI ) web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/ ) . Simply choice protein blast and paste in the protein sequence in the enter question sequence box. Published literature on peculiar scientific subjects or associating to specific cistrons or proteins can be searched utilizing the Pubmed tool on the NCBI web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi? db=PubMed ) . Simply enter a cistron name, keywords, or writer names into the hunt box. The molecular weights and pi s of proteins can be calculated utilizing the pI/Mw tool on the ExPASy web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //ca.expasy.org/tools/pi_tool.html ) . Simply paste the protein sequence into the question box. One protein may be composed of several different spheres. The sphere administration of proteins can be predicted utilizing the Pfam tool on the Sanger Institute web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //pfam.sanger.ac.uk/ ) . Simply paste the protein sequence into the box in the SEQUENCE SEARCH drop-down list. Bacterial proteins can be localised in the cytoplasmatic membrane by membrane crossing trans-membrane sections. The presence of trans-membrane sections and therefore the likely cytoplasmatic membrane topology of proteins can be predicted utilizing the Dense Alignment Surface ( DAS ) method on the Stockholm Bioinformatics Centre web site ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sbc.su.se/~miklos/DAS/ ) . Simply paste the protein sequence into the question box. In silico analysis In this exercising you will utilize a figure of web-based tools to putatively place, analyse and look into the nature of any proteins encoded in the yycFG part of the S. aureus genome. However, you should be cognizant that these tools are prognostic but non unequivocal and hence, merely supply a anticipation of the likely individuality and belongingss of proteins. All the bioinformatics tools and information required to finish this exercising are indicated above usage it. You should utilize the DNA sequence of the yycFG part ( provided below ) with the tools and information detailed above to make the undertakings indicated below. ( 1 ) Potential ORFs in the yycFG part. Translate the Deoxyribonucleic acid to place any likely unfastened reading frames ( ORFs ) in the yycFG part of the S. aureus Mu50 chromosome, ie DNA sequences that could potentially code for proteins. ( A ) How many possible ORFs are present in the Deoxyribonucleic acid sequence? Show the corresponding protein sequences for all possible ORFs that you find. There are three possible ORFs nowadays in the Deoxyribonucleic acid sequence. The corresponding sequences are listed below: RVEALDISSNNMSRGRKRMKWLKQLQSLHTKLVIVYVLLIIIGMQIIGLYFTNNLEKELLDNFKKNITQYAKQLEISIEKVYDEKGSVNAQKDIQNLLSEYANRQEIGEIRFIDKDQIIIATTKQSNRSLINQKANDSSVQKALSLGQSNDHLILKDYGGGKDRVWVYNIPVKVDKKVIGNIYIESKINDVYNQLNNINQIFIVGTAISLLITVILGFFIARTITKPITDMRNQTVEMSRGNYTQRVKIYGNDEIGELALAFNNLSKRVQEAQANTESEKRRLDSVITHMSDGIIATRRGRIRIVNDMALKMLGMAKEDIIGYYMLSVLSLEDEFKLEEIQENNDSFLLDLNEEEGLIARVNFSTIVQETGFVTGYIAVLHDVTEQQQVERERREFVANVSHELRTPLTSMNSYIEALEEGAWKDEELAPQFLSVTREETERMIRLVNDLLQLSKMDNESDQINKEIIDFNMFINKIINRHEMSAKDTTFIRDIPKKTIFTEFDPDKMTQVFDNVITNAMKYSRGKRVEFHVKQNPLYNRMTIRIKDNGIGIPINKVDKIFDRFYRVDKARTRKMGGTGLGLAISKEIVEAHNGRIWANSVEGQGTSIFITLPCEVIEDGDWDE EKRFMQMARKVVVVDDEKPIADILEFNLKKEGYDVYCAYDGNDAVDLIYEEEPDIVLLDIMLPGRDGMEVCREVRKKYEMPIIMLTAKDSEIDKVLGLELGADDYVTKPFSTRELIARVKANLRRHYSQPAQDTGNVTNEITIKDIVIYPDAYSIKKRGEDIELTHREFELFHYLSKHMGQVMTREHLLQTVWGYDYFGDVRTVDVTIRRLREKIEDDPSHPEYIVTRRGVGYFLQQHE IINIILSFFVLYRLCLCKKSQDVAYYFCNSLTMKSLKTVIGMNNKEHIKSVILALLVLMSVVLTYMVWNFSPDIANVDNTDSKKSETKPLTTPMTAKMDTTITPFQIIHSKNDHPEGTIATVSNVNKLTKPLKNKEVKSVEHVRRDHNLMIPDLSSDFTLFDFTYDLPLSTYLGQVLNMNAKVPNHFNFNRLVIDHDADDNIVLYAISKDRHDYVKLTTTTKNDHFLDALAAVKKDMQPYTDIITNKDTIDRTTHVFAPSKPEKLKTYRMVFNTISVEKMNAILFDDSTIVRSSKSGVTTYNNNTGVANYNDKNEKYHYKNLSEDEASSSKMEETIPGTFDFINGHGGFLNEDFRLFSTNNQSGELTYQRFLNGYPTFNKEGSNQIQVTWGEKGVFDYRRSLLRTDVVLNSEDNKTLPKLESVRSSLANNSDINFEKVTNIAIGYEMQDNSDHNHIEVQINSELVPRWYVEYDGEWYVYNDGRLE ( B ) Remark on the reading frame ( s ) and the likely way of written text of the cistron ( s ) that you identify. There are six reading frames because DNA is anti-parallel, dual stranded and can be read in both waies. It is besides made up of a three codification giving rise to three different reading frames. Therefore it follows that there are three different reading frames for two anti-parallel DNA strands giving six in entire. The likely way of written text is in both waies as two of the protein sequences are being read in the way of the 5 terminal and one is being read in the way of the 3 terminal. ( 2 ) In silico word picture of possible proteins encoded in the yycFG part. A good indicant of protein map can frequently be obtained by comparing protein sequences with other proteins for which the map is known. The sequences of such proteins are frequently found in sequence databases. ( A ) What are the possible maps of the proteins identified in the yycFG part? Three different proteins can be identified in the yycFG part. YycH is involved in signal acknowledgment. It is hypothesised that YycH maps as an adversary to YycG. YycH is transported across the cytoplasmatic protein. The molecule is made up of three spheres, and has a fresh 3-dimensional construction. The N-terminal sphere features a Ca binding site and the cardinal sphere contains two conserved loop parts. YycG proctors environmental signals and signifiers a two constituent system together with its response regulator YycF. YycF- response regulator. It receives signals from its associated histidine kinase YycG through a phosphor-transfer reaction and obtains responses through ordinance of cistron look. ( B ) Are the possible maps of any identified proteins likely to be linked to each other and if so, how? All of the proteins are likely to be linked to each other because YycG and YycF form a two constituent system together and YycH is an adversary to YycG. The proteins are responsible for signalling, feeling and reacting. ( C ) Why is it non possible to obtain jumping gene or insertional mutations in the yycFG part? The yycFG part is indispensable for viablity in Gram +ve bacterium. Therefore jumping gene or insertional mutations are non possible because strike harding out the yycFG part will kill the bacteriums. ( 3 ) Predicted sphere administration. A figure of web-based bioinformatics tools exist that allow anticipations to be made about the likely belongingss of proteins encoded in genome sequences. ( A ) How many aminic acids long are the proteins identified above and what are their predicted molecular weights and isoelectric points? For the first sequence the protein identified is 208 aminic acids long and the isoelectric point is 5.97 and the predicted molecular weight is 71765.15. For the 2nd sequence the protein identified is aminic acids 79 long and the isoelectric point is 5.14 and the predicted molecular weight is 28011.95. For the 3rd sequence the protein identified is aminic acids 161 long and the isoelectric point is 5.90 and the predicted molecular weight is 55632.77. ( B ) A individual protein can frequently hold several different spheres each with a different map. Represent the predicted sphere administration of the identified proteins graphically and remark on the likely map of each putative sphere. ( C ) Are any of the identified proteins predicted to be localised in the cytoplasmatic membrane? If so, which one ( s ) and how does this peculiar sub-cellular location relate to the likely maps of the protein ( s ) ? yycH and yycG both have localised parts in the cytoplasmatic membrane. This is because the proteins are involved in modulating cell wall homeostasis, cell division and cell membrane unity. ( 4 ) Using the information obtained above, and any other appropriate beginnings, remark on the suitableness of the proteins encoded in the yycFG part of the S. aureus Mu50 chromosome as marks for the development of antibacterial agents. yycFG is a two-component signal transduction system ( TCS ) and is responsible for the ordinance of cell wall metamorphosis. It is indispensable for Gram +ve viability, so hence S. aureus would nt last if it was knocked out, supplying a possible mark for antibacterial agents. Winkler and Hoch in their paper Essentiality, Bypass, and Targeting of the YycFG ( VicRK ) Two-Component Regulatory System in Gram-Positive Bacteria suggest happening general inhibitors of histidine kinase autophosphorylation or phosphoryl group transportation between associated histidine kinases and response regulators as a possible mechanism for usage in antibacterial agents. Inhibition of the yycF histidine kinase could be another possible mark for antibacterial agents, nevertheless it has been suggested that suppressing a individual mark may increase the likeliness of opposition. If one antibiotic is good, two should be better The usage of a combination of antibiotics is considered to give a better clinical result. This is because a scope of antibiotic spectrum can be increased, chance of bacteriums mutating to go immune can be reduced, dose can be decreased and different manners of action can be exploited. Therefore it is widely considered to be more effectual to utilize combination therapy, i.e. ordering two or more different antibiotics for one infection. For illustration in the instance of HIV patients with an increased susceptibleness to the timeserving infection Pneymocystic carinii pneumonia, due to their immuno-compromised province, a combination of sulphonamides and trimethoprim antibiotics are prescribed. Co-trimoxazole contains trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, in a one to five ratio. The antibiotics in Co-trimoxazole work synergistically as they target the same tract. Sulfamethoxazole plants by suppressing the synthesis of dihydropteroate by moving as a competitory inhibitor to the dihydropteroate synthase enzyme by barricading the Para-amino benzoic acid adhering site. Trimethoprim is structurally similar to dihyrdrofolic acid enabling it to suppress the enzyme dihyrdofolate reductase forestalling the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. This is highly damaging as bacteriums require folic acid to synthesize thymidine and uridine, the two nucleosides indispensable for written text and DNA reproduction. This interactive dual ob struction of the folic acid rhythm is really effectual and allows patients to return place and take the antibiotics orally without necessitating long hospitalization. Below is a diagram of the tetrahydrofolate synthesis tract, bespeaking the points of suppression by Gantanol and trimethoprim. Combinable therapy can assist to get the better of immune bacteriums and better the efficaciousness of antibiotics. Clavulanic acid can be used in concurrence with penicillin antibiotics. The penicillin antibiotics oxacillin and methicillin and the of course happening penicillin G are normally susceptible to bacteriums able to bring forth beta-lactamase enzymes. However due to the structural similarity clavulanic acid is able to move as a competitory inhibitor to penicillinases and suppress them, therefore reconstructing the penicillin antibiotics activity over beta-lactamase releasing bacteriums. Bacterias can derive opposition to antibiotics in a figure of ways. First, the antibiotic can be chemically altered or destroyed, e.g. through the activity of penicillinases or through alteration of aminoglycoside enzymes. Second, the antibiotic mark may be altered to forestall the activity of the drug, e.g. trimethoprim can be inactivated by alterations in the Dihyrdrofolate reductase enzyme, quinolone opposition is marked by debaring binding of the drug to the mark, in this instance DNA gyrase, this is brought approximately by point mutants. Finally, alternate tracts may be created to avoid the drug mark. This is seen in methicillin immune Staphylococcus aureus where an extra penicillin adhering protein ( PBP2 ) inhibits the binding of drug to the mark ; therefore PBP2 is non vulnerable to suppression by penicillins. Rifamycin antibiotics are frequently used in combination with other antibiotics. Rifamycins block the production of courier RNA, and hence protein synthesis, by adhering to the beta-subunit of RNA polymerase, the nucleus enzyme. This action displaces the Mg incorporating active site on the beta-subunit, the secondary consequence being that RNA can no longer be held and is truncated through the secondary channel. Rifamycins are used in concurrence with INH, pyrazinamide or streptomycin in the intervention of TB and with Vancocin to handle penicillin-resistant Staphylococci pneumonia. Leprosy is treated with Multi Drug Therapy ( MDT ) to cut down the hazard of Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis, the causative bacteriums of leprosy, mutating to go immune to the antibiotics, so rifampicin, dapsone and clofazimine are used together as MDT. Using two or more drugs to handle one infection is eff

Colleges that Accept the Common Application in 2017-18

Colleges that Accept the Common Application in 2017-18 For the 2018-19 admissions cycle, 805 colleges and universities accept the Common Application. The complete listing is below. Schools range from some of the most selective in the world to those with nearly open admissions. What most of the schools have in common is a holistic admissions policy, although as of 2014 The Common Application announced that holistic admissions would no longer be a prerequisite for membership. Still, most member schools  on this list consider the whole applicant, not just grades, test scores, and other numerical measures. Extracurricular activities, an essay, and letters of recommendation are important to the admissions process for the majority of colleges using the Common Application. Click on a schools name to get more information including SAT and ACT data, costs, average financial aid awards, and more. United States Schools that Accept the Common Application A Adelphi UniversityAgnes Scott CollegeAlaska Pacific UniversityAlbany College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesAlbertus Magnus  CollegeAlbion CollegeAlbright CollegeAlfred UniversityAllegheny CollegeAlma CollegeAlvernia UniversityAMDA College and Conservatory of the Performing ArtsAmerican Jewish UniversityThe American Musical and Dramatic AcademyAmerican UniversityAmherst CollegeAnderson University (IN)Anna Maria CollegeAntioch CollegeAppalachian State UniversityArcadia UniversityAshland UniversityAssumption CollegeAugsburg CollegeAugustana College (IL)Augustana College (SD)Austin CollegeAve Maria University B Babson CollegeBaldwin-Wallace CollegeBard CollegeBard College at Simons RockBarnard CollegeBarry UniversityBarton CollegeBates CollegeBay Path CollegeBaylor UniversityBecker CollegeBellarmine UniversityBelmont UniversityBeloit CollegeBenedictine  CollegeBenedictine UniversityBenedictine University (Arizona)Benedictine University (Illinois)Bennington CollegeBentley UniversityBerry CollegeBethany College (West Virginia)Binghamton University (SUNY)Birmingham-Southern CollegeBloomfield CollegeBluffton UniversityBoston CollegeBoston UniversityBowdoin CollegeBowling Green  State UniversityBradley UniversityBrandeis UniversityBrenau UniversityBridgewater State UniversityBrown UniversityBryant UniversityBryn Mawr CollegeBucknell UniversityButler University C Cabrini UniversityCairn UniversityCaldwell CollegeCalifornia College of the ArtsCalifornia Institute of Technology (Caltech)California Lutheran UniversityCalifornia University of PennsylvaniaCalvin CollegeCanisius CollegeCapital UniversityCapitol Technology UniversityCarleton CollegeCarnegie Mellon UniversityCarroll College (Montana)Carroll UniversityCarthage CollegeCase Western Reserve UniversityCastleton UniversityCatawba  CollegeCatholic University of AmericaCazenovia CollegeCedar Crest CollegeCentenary College of LouisianaCentenary University  (New Jersey)Central Connecticut State UniversityCentre CollegeChamplain CollegeChapman UniversityCharles  R. Drew University  of Medicine and ScienceChatham UniversityChicago State UniversityChristian Brothers UniversityChristopher Newport UniversityClaremont McKenna CollegeClark Atlanta UniversityClark UniversityClarkson UniversityCleveland State UniversityCoe CollegeColby CollegeColby-Sawyer CollegeColgate UniversityCollege of the AtlanticCollege of the Holy CrossCollege of IdahoCollege of Mount Saint VincentThe College of New JerseyCollege of New RochelleCollege of St. Benedict/St. Johns UniversityCollege of Saint ElizabethCollege of St. JosephThe College of Saint RoseCollege of St. ScholasticaCollege of William MaryCollege of WoosterColorado CollegeColorado State UniversityColumbia College (Missouri)Columbia College (South Carolina)Columbia College ChicagoColumbia College HollywoodColumbia UniversityConcordia College (Moorhead) Concordia College (New York)Concordia University (Oregon)Concordia University ChicagoConcordia University IrvineConcordia University WisconsinConnecticut CollegeConverse CollegeCooper UnionCornell College (Iowa)Cornell UniversityCreighton UniversityCulinary Institute of America (CA)Culinary Institute of America (NY)Culinary Institute of America (TX)CUNY Queens CollegeCurry College D D Youville CollegeDaemen CollegeDartmouth CollegeDavidson CollegeDean CollegeDefiance CollegeDelaware Valley CollegeDenison UniversityDePaul UniversityDePauw UniversityDeSales UniversityDickinson CollegeDillard UniversityDominican CollegeDominican University of CaliforniaDrake UniversityDrew UniversityDrexel UniversityDrury UniversityDuke University E Earlham CollegeEast Carolina UniversityEastern Connecticut State UniversityEastern Kentucky UniversityEastern Mennonite UniversityEckerd CollegeEdgewood CollegeEdinboro University of Pennsylvania​Elizabethtown CollegeElmira CollegeElms CollegeEmerson CollegeEmmanuel College (Georgia)Emmanuel College (Massachusetts)Emory and Henry CollegeEmory UniversityEvergreen State College F Fairfield UniversityFairleigh Dickinson  UniversityFelician CollegeFisk UniversityFlagler CollegeFlashpoint Chicago, A Campus of Columbia College HollywoodFlorida Institute of TechnologyFlorida Polytechnic UniversityFlorida Southern CollegeFlorida State UniversityFordham UniversityFramingham State UniversityFranklin and Marshall CollegeFranklin CollegeFranklin Pierce UniversityFranklin W. Olin College  of EngineeringFurman University G Gannon UniversityGardner-Webb University​Geneseo (SUNY)George Fox UniversityGeorge Mason UniversityGeorge Washington UniversityGeorgia CollegeGeorgia Institute of TechnologyGeorgia State UniversityGeorgian Court UniversityGettysburg CollegeGoddard CollegeGonzaga UniversityGoshen CollegeGoucher CollegeGreen Mountain CollegeGrinnell CollegeGuilford CollegeGustavus Adolphus College H Hamilton CollegeHamline UniversityHampden-Sydney CollegeHampshire CollegeHanover CollegeHartwick CollegeHarvard UniversityHarvey Mudd CollegeHastings CollegeHaverford CollegeHawaii Pacific UniversityHellenic CollegeHendrix CollegeHigh Point UniversityHilbert CollegeHillsdale CollegeHiram CollegeHobart and William Smith CollegesHofstra UniversityHollins UniversityHoly Cross College  (IN)Holy Names UniversityHood CollegeHope CollegeHoughton CollegeHoward UniversityHusson University I Illinois CollegeIllinois Institute of TechnologyIllinois Wesleyan UniversityImmaculata UniversityIndiana University BloomingtonIndiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Iona CollegeIthaca College J Jacksonville UniversityJefferson (Philadelphia University Thomas Jefferson University)Jefferson College of Health SciencesJohn Carroll UniversityJohns Hopkins UniversityJohnson Wales University - CharlotteJohnson Wales University - DenverJohnson Wales University - North MiamiJohnson Wales University - ProvidenceJuniata College K Kalamazoo CollegeKean UniversityKeene State CollegeKeiser UniversityKent State UniversityKenyon CollegeKettering UniversityKeuka CollegeKeystone CollegeKings CollegeKnox College L La Roche CollegeLa Salle UniversityLafayette CollegeLake Erie CollegeLake Forest CollegeLasell CollegeLawrence Technological UniversityLawrence UniversityLe Moyne CollegeLebanon Valley CollegeLehigh UniversityLesley CollegeLewis Clark CollegeLewis UniversityLindenwood UniversityLinfield CollegeLipscomb University​List College, The Jewish Theological SeminaryLong Island University Brooklyn CampusLong Island University-C.W. Post CampusLouisiana State UniversityLourdes UniversityLoyola Marymount UniversityLoyola University MarylandLoyola University New OrleansLuther CollegeLycoming CollegeLynn UniversityLyon College M Macalester CollegeMacMurray CollegeMaine College of ArtMaine Maritime AcademyMalone UniversityManchester UniversityManhattan CollegeManhattanville CollegeMarietta CollegeMarist CollegeMarlboro CollegeMarquette UniversityMarshall UniversityMary Baldwin UniversityMaryland Institute College of ArtMarymount California UniversityMarymount Manhattan CollegeMarymount UniversityMaryville University of St. LouisMarywood UniversityMassachusetts College of Art and DesignMassachusetts College of Liberal ArtsMassachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesMcDaniel CollegeMcKendree UniversityMenlo CollegeMercer UniversityMercy CollegeMercyhurst UniversityMeredith CollegeMerrimack CollegeMiami University (Ohio)Michigan State UniversityMiddle Tennessee State UniversityMiddlebury CollegeMillersville UniversityMillikin UniversityMills CollegeMillsaps CollegeMilwaukee School of Engineering (MSOE)Minerva Schools at KGIMissouri  University of Science and TechnologyMitchell CollegeMolloy CollegeMon mouth CollegeMonmouth UniversityMontserrat College of ArtMoore College of Art and DesignMoravian CollegeMorehouse CollegeMount Holyoke CollegeMount Saint Mary CollegeMount Saint Marys University, Los AngelesMuhlenberg CollegeMuskingum University N Naropa UniversityNazareth CollegeNebraska Wesleyan  UniversityNeumann UniversityNew College of FloridaNew England CollegeNew England  Institute of TechnologyNew Jersey City UniversityNew Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT)New SchoolNew York Institute of Technology (NYIT)New York School of Career Applied Studies of Touro College and University SystemNew York UniversityNewberry CollegeNewbury CollegeNiagara UniversityNichols CollegeNorth Carolina State UniversityNorth Park UniversityNortheastern UniversityNorthern Vermont University JohnsonNorthland CollegeNorthwest Christian UniversityNorthwest Nazarene UniversityNorthwestern UniversityNorthwood UniversityNorwich UniversityNotre Dame de Namur UniversityNotre Dame  of Maryland UniversityNova Southeastern University O Oberlin CollegeOberlin Conservatory of MusicOccidental CollegeOglethorpe UniversityOhio Northern UniversityThe Ohio State UniversityOhio UniversityOhio Wesleyan UniversityOklahoma City UniversityOld Dominion UniversityOlivet CollegeOregon State University​Otis College of Art and DesignOtterbein University P Pace UniversityPacific Lutheran UniversityPacific UniversityPaul Smiths CollegePenn StatePennsylvania Academy of the Fine ArtsPepperdine UniversityPiedmont CollegePine Manor CollegePitzer CollegePlymouth State UniversityPoint Loma Nazarene UniversityPomona CollegePresbyterian CollegePrescott CollegePrinceton UniversityPrincipia CollegeProvidence CollegePurchase College (SUNY)Purdue University  Purdue University Fort Wayne Q Queens University of CharlotteQuincy UniversityQuinnipiac University R Radford UniversityRamapo College of New JerseyRandolph CollegeRandolph-Macon CollegeReed CollegeRegis College (Massachusetts)Regis University (Colorado)Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteRhode Island CollegeRhode Island School of DesignRhodes CollegeRice UniversityRider UniversityRingling College of Art and DesignRipon CollegeRivier UniversityRoanoke CollegeRobert Morris University (PA)Roberts Wesleyan CollegeRochester Institute of TechnologyRoger Williams UniversityRollins CollegeRose-Hulman Institute of TechnologyRosemont CollegeRowan UniversityRussell Sage College S Sacred Heart UniversitySage College of AlbanySt. Ambrose UniversitySt. Andrews UniversitySaint Anselm CollegeSt. Bonaventure University  St. Catherine University  St. Edwards University  Saint Francis UniversitySt. John Fisher College  St. Johns College Annapolis  St. Johns College Santa Fe  St. Johns University  Saint Johns University (MN)St. Josephs College - Brooklyn Campus  St. Josephs College - Long Island Campus  Saint Josephs College of MaineSaint Josephs UniversitySt. Lawrence University  Saint Leo UniversitySt. Louis College of Pharmacy  Saint Louis UniversitySaint Martins UniversitySaint Mary-of-the-Woods College  Saint Marys College of CaliforniaSaint Marys College of IndianaSt. Marys College of MarylandSaint Marys University of MinnesotaSaint Michaels CollegeSt. Norbert College  St. Olaf College  Saint Peters CollegeSt. Thomas Aquinas College  St. Thomas University  Saint Vincent CollegeSaint Xavier UniversitySalem College (North Carolina)S alisbury UniversitySalve Regina UniversitySamford UniversitySanta Clara UniversitySarah Lawrence CollegeSavannah College of Art and DesignSchool of the Art Institute of ChicagoScripps CollegeSeattle Pacific UniversitySeattle UniversitySeton Hall UniversitySeton Hill UniversitySewanee: The University of the SouthSiena CollegeSierra Nevada CollegeSimmons CollegeSimpson CollegeSkidmore CollegeSmith CollegeSoka University of AmericaSoutheast Missouri State UniversitySouthern California Institute of ArchitectureSouthern Connecticut State UniversitySouthern Methodist UniversitySouthern New Hampshire UniversitySouthwestern UniversitySpelman CollegeSpring Arbor UniversitySpring Hill CollegeSpringfield CollegeStanford UniversityStephens College Sterling CollegeStetson UniversityStevens Institute of TechnologyStevenson UniversityStockton UniversityStonehill CollegeStony Brook UniversitySuffolk UniversitySUNY AlbanySUNY Alfred State CollegeSUNY BrockportSUNY BuffaloSUNY CobleskillSUNY College at Old WestburySUNY College of Environmental Science and ForestrySUNY College of Technology at CantonSUNY CortlandSUNY DelhiSUNY Farmingdale State CollegeSUNY FredoniaSUNY Institute of TechnologySUNY Maritime CollegeSUNY Morrisville State CollegeSUNY New PaltzSUNY OneontaSUNY OswegoSUNY PlattsburghSUNY PolytechnicSUNY PotsdamSUNY PurchaseSUNY Stony Brook University​Susquehanna UniversitySwarthmore CollegeSweet Briar CollegeSyracuse University T Temple UniversityTexas Christian University (TCU)Texas Lutheran UniversityThiel CollegeThomas CollegeTiffin UniversityTransylvania UniversityTrine UniversityTrinity Christian CollegeTrinity College (Connecticut)Trinity University (Texas)Trinity Washington University​Truman State UniversityTufts UniversityTulane University U Union College (New York)Unity CollegeUniversidad del Este (UNE)Universidad del Sagrado CorazonUniversity of AkronUniversity of Alabama  - BirminghamUniversity of ArizonaUniversity of BridgeportUniversity of Central FloridaUniversity of ChicagoUniversity of CincinnatiUniversity of Cincinnati - 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Ockham Technologies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ockham Technologies - Research Paper Example It would be hectic to get each board member engaged at a single place for meeting and equal participation of board members in company’s interest would be overseen (Sargeant & Jay, 2009). On the contrary, by keeping a small board of directors there will be unity and a sense of ownership and serving common purpose would be developed within the board team. The work will be performed smoothly and efficiently and organizational goals will be accomplished speedily without any bureaucracy being involved (Council on Foundations, 2010). 2. Before making a fund-raising decision, Ockham will need to consider certain factors such as the size of the board and the role played by each board member. Size of the board of directors would depend on the potential investor’s approach towards the control of equity in the company. The size of the board will also clarify the level of involvement of each member of the board in Ockham’s affairs (Martinelli, 2013). Then comes the intangibl e attributes that Ockham will need to define before defining board of directors. ... rmance at their current organizations will also be assessed in order to project the financial value that each board member will be adding to Ockham Technologies (Altenburg, 2011). 3. At some point of time, tension between strategic business partners is destined to emerge due to a shift in approach towards business and bringing changes in the organizational structure or operational structure (Jamieson, Eklund, & Meekin, 2012). If I were to play the role of Jim Triandiflou and reduce tensions between me and Mike Meisenheimer, I would select different conflict management strategies to resolve the issue in Ockham’s greater interest. First of all, I would have started to consult Mike in important decisions regarding the future and present of Ockham as an accommodating strategy. Than adopting an avoiding strategy would allow me to ignore petty issues and integrate my ideas into functions after collaborating and reaching a compromised agreement with Mike. In this manner, it will be a win-win situation for both Mike and me as both of us will be giving up elements of our position to implement an acceptable solution. If all of that wouldn’t have worked in resolving tensions between me and Mike, I could adopt competing strategy of conflict management which would require me to remind Mike about his percentage of equity in the company and that I, being 50% equity holder in the company, have the upper hand in decision making (Dotingney, 2013). 4. The best option available to Ockham to develop systems for IBM in the given time period is to hire system developers and ask them to work in-house. This would be beneficial as it will lower the costs involved in the system development and enable Ockham to use the hired team for future projects. This would also reduce costs involved in

No Smoking on School Grounds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

No Smoking on School Grounds - Essay Example Although some people are against the implementation, total â€Å"restriction on smoking on school groups† will be very effective in reducing the unpleasant effects of smoking. Why there should be no smoking on school grounds If a school allows smoking by students, teachers, or workers, people should advocate for change. There should be tough restrictions on smoking in schools and teachers have to smoke elsewhere and not schools. In many states, it is unlawful for children to buy cigarettes. No one should buy cigarettes for students or ask students to buy for them. If learners are allowed to smoke in schools, the chance of them start using other drugs is high. Cigarette smoking on school ground by teachers or other students can make other students start smoking. Once a student has started smoking, the bond between the student and other smokers affects his decision-making on whether to stop or continue doing it. The outcomes of many researches show that many adults who are smoki ng started the smoking habit in schools. Other students and school casual workers are the ones who influenced most of them to smoke. Smoking cigarette can make students start misusing other substances (American Cancer Society). Since schools have high populations, smoking on school ground leads to poor health for the ones smoking and the people around them. The number of first time smokers is augmenting daily, and many of them become habitual smokers. Some of them die because of diseases that are related to the behavior. They are risking their lives and the lives of those who are around them (American Cancer Society). Smoking on school grounds leads to poor performances in class. This is because teachers who smoke have been observed to use part of their times to smoke instead of teaching. The teachers also rush the lessons so that they can get time to smoke. Therefore, they spend a little time with students and fail to teach well. Additionally allowing smoking in schools can make st udents to spend more time in smoking instead of studying. For example, during break times they rush out to smoke instead of doing other helpful activities. Smoking also reduces the students’ concentration in class. Instead of listening to the teachers in class, the students long for break times so that they go out to smoke. For this reasons, â€Å"restriction on smoking on school grounds† should be helpful (Blatt 104). Another reason why there should be the restriction of smoking, in schools, is the increase in harmful behaviors in schools. Researches have proved that most students who smoke become rebellious in schools and some of these learners end up being expelled. Some students get suspension from schools due to misbehaving making them miss classes; thus, reducing their class performances. Students who smoke cigarettes mostly engage into fights and some of them even carry other dangerous drugs in schools risking other students’ lives. Cigarette smoking stud ents also suffer from psychological illnesses and this contributes to poor performances in schools (American Cancer Society). Refutation Some researchers argue that the implementation of â€Å"no smoking on school ground† will not be effective because it will be hard to monitor everyone in the institutions (Jacobson 144). I disagree with them because if schools become increasingly aggressive in enforcing no-smoking rules, people will stop smoking on the school grounds. To make

Discuss the History of Korea and Its Impact on Korea Essay Example for Free

Discuss the History of Korea and Its Impact on Korea Essay Topic: Discuss the history of Korea and its impact on Koreas culture, politics and business. Korea is a civilization and formerly unified nation currently divided into two states. Korean civilization is one of the oldest ancient civilizations in world history, and Korea has the oldest history in East Asia. * GoJoseon (National foundation in BC 2333) The first Korean kingdom GoJoseon was established on a flourishing bronze culture in BC 2333 by Dangun who was the legendary founder of Go]eseon and people believed he was the grandson of heaven (Edward 2005). It was centered in the basins of Liao China) and Northern part of the Korean Peninsula. Politics and economy In Korean history, GoJoseon was the first state to unify its political and religious functions within one governing system and legal system as represented by its Eight Prohibitions (Edward 2005). Society It is believed that GoJoseon had achieved the status of a kingdom with a class-based society. * Three Kingdoms penod ( BC 18 AD 676) Town-states gradually united into tribal leagues with complex political structures which eventually grew into kingdoms. Koguryo (BC 37 AD 668) Koguryo was the first to mature into a kingdom. Koguryds aggressive troops onquered neighboring tribes one after another, and in 313, they even occupied Chinas Lolang outposts (Qiancheng 2009). paekje (BC 18 AD 660) PaekJe, which grew out of a town-state located south of the Han River in the surroundings of present-day Seoul(Capital city of South Korea), was another contederate kingdom similar to Koguryo deane 2 Shilla (BC 57 AD 935) Shilla was the weakest and most underdeveloped among three kingdoms at the beginning. However, because it was geographically removed from Chinese influence, it was more open to non-Chinese practices and ideas. The society was built on an advanced Buddhist in Shilla (Edward 2005). unified Shilla (676-918) By the mid-sixth century, the Shilla kingdom had brought under its control all of surrounding town-states within the Gaya confederation. Through an alliance with China, Shilla finally unified the Korean peninsula in 668 and saw the peak of its power and prosperity in the mid-eighth century. It attempted to build an ideal Buddhist country during Unified Shilla but Buddhist social order started to deteriorate as the nobility indulged in increasing luxury (Kim 2005). Hwarang-do (Flower-knight art) in Unified Shilla It is culturally important to Korea and Taekwondo which is well known Korean martial arts in the world. It was a military academy for young, aristocratic youth in Unified Shilla. They intimated with nature and studied poetry, art, literature and song, as well as martial arts. Confucianism and Taoism also were very influential to Hwarang-do. The Hwarang-dds ethics and legends of this knighthood helped form the ethical background of taekwondo (Theodore 2005). * Koryo penod ( 918 1392) Internal dissensions and external problems of Shilla between the king and regional leaders led to the disruption of Shilla. The name Koryo derives from Koguryd and it is the root of the modern name of Korea. The Koryo period from 935 to 1392 was arked by periodic internal disharmony and external wars (mostly defensive) with China and Japan. And also Koryo was invaded by the Mongols in 1231 and Mongols nearly destroyed Koryo. However, there were also great achievements which are flowering of culture that led to great advances in art and scholarship, particularly in the ceramics industry, which developed the unique grey-green celadon stoneware for which Korea is well-known today (Thomas 2003). * Chosun Dynasty (1392 1910) In 1392, a general Yi Seong-gye founded a new dynasty Chosun. In the early Chosun period, Confucianism was highly supported as the guideline of philosophy. And then, this Confucianism transformed into Neo-confucianism incorporating Taoist and Buddhist elements with and adaptation of Confucianism. Neo-confucianism is what people know as Korean culture and tradition today (Thomas 2 From 1418 to 1450, by Chosuns fourth monarch king SeJong, Korea had an unprecedented flowering of art and culture. The greatest achievement of king SeJong was invention of the Korean alphabet Hangeul. Before he invented the Korean alphabet, Korean used Chinese character (Theodore 2005). In 1 592, Toyotomi Hideyosi, who united Japan, wanted to conquer the Korean Peninsula and use it the way for its incursion into China. However, Japan was defeated by Admiral Yi sun-sin, one of the most respected fgures in Korean history. They invaded again in 1597 but they withdrew in 1598. The new religion, Catholicism, slowly spread in Korea since 18th century by Dutch Jesuit priest. In the 19th century of Chosun, they adopted an isolationist policy by the prince Taewongun because he was afraid that Chosun would be infected by western ideas. Therefore, he tried to prevent the opening of the country to foreign trade by closing the borders (Edward 2005). * Korea under Japanese Rule (1910†1945) During Japanese occupation, the first thing they did was construction of Koreas nfrastructure especially street and railroad system to control all over Korea easily and supply food for Japanese military properly. Japanese ruled with iron hand and tried to root out all elements of Korean culture from society.

Mathematical Models of Spacetime in Contemporary Physics and Essential Issues of the Ontology of Spacetime :: Physics Papers

Mathematical Models of Spacetime in Contemporary Physics and Essential Issues of the Ontology of Spacetime ABSTRACT: The general theory of relativity and field theory of matter generate an interesting ontology of space-time and, generally, of nature. It is a monistic, anti-atomistic and geometrized ontology — in which the substance is the metric field — to which all physical events are reducible. Such ontology refers to the Cartesian definition of corporeality and to Plato's ontology of nature presented in the Timaeus. This ontology provides a solution to the dispute between Clark and Leibniz on the issue of the ontological independence of space-time from distribution of events. However, mathematical models of space-time in physics do not solve the problem of the difference between time and space dimensions (invariance of equations with regard to the inversion of time arrow). Recent research on space-time singularities and asymmetrical in time quantum theory of gravitation will perhaps allow for the solution of this problem based on the structure of space-time and not merely on thermodynamics. Since the General Theory of Relativity is a fundamental model of spacetime, most often used as a starting point for a physicists' research, I will begin my analysis with an attempt to formulate the consequences of the GTR for spacetime ontology and, generally, ontology of nature. The preliminary remark, however, has epistemological character. The formulation of the GTR resulted in definite fall of a dogmatic thesis of distinguished value of the 3-dimensional Euclidean geometry, as the only geometrical structure, adequate for a description of nature. This thesis was formulated explicitly by Kant, who considered this structure to be apriori form of inspection, and as such it was to validate the science. Kant's epistemology was created mainly to validate science, whose best developed part was embodied in the classical mechanics. However, the attitude of the authors of the field theory of matter towards Kant's epistemology was not negative at all, which can be proved by the words of Weyl , who, although confessed that in himself a philosopher had been dominated by a mathematician, began his work Space, Time, Matter with philosophical considerations devoted to the question of time and space, considerations comparable to those of Kant. The formulation of the General Theory of Relativity was of major importance for the spacetime ontology, mainly because it ended the famous debate between Clarke and Leibniz concerning the ontological status of spacetime. In this debate Clarke defended the Newton's position in which he emphasized ontological independence of time and space with regard to physical events.

Can consumers’ scepticism be mitigated by claim objectivity and claim extremity?

Tan’s (2002) analysis of consumer view of advertisements is based on idea that not all commercials are believable or provide the true picture of commodities depicted therein.Tan has specifically listed for qualities of effective advertisement. First, the commercial has to be believable in consumer eyes; second, the ad needs to be credible passing message; third is that consumers need to see the product being advertised as highly desirable and therefore lead to making purchase decisions.Fourth, the commercial needs to be of greater informational value to consumers. This means that effective advertisements are the ones which provide consumers with new information that helps in decision making processes. Poor information leads to the making of wrong choices that make consumers to avoid the advertised products and even respective company’s goods again.At worst, consumers have greater influence on each other and could therefore lead to fast spreading information on how speci fic company advertisements happen to be duping consumers to purchase defective products. Such occurrence has a long term effect on respective company’s revenue and market share.Consumer watchdogs might further start investigating the accused company and cause disruption in production and marketing processes. The management would end up wasting valuable time attending to hearings with authorities instead of developing long term strategies for their businesses.In understanding that consumers are generally skeptic of advertisers’ messages, Tan has gone further to explain that products are key victims of incredibility compared to services.In other words, consumers are more likely to believe advertisements on services and less on those involving services. Marketers should in this regard make extensive use of Integrated Marketing Communication (ICM) initiatives in ensuring that advertisements are truthful and provide important information to consumers.Effective commercials a re the ones which call on marketers restrain themselves from developing ads that overstate respective products; it is better to have commercials whose messages seem to undermine product effectiveness. Consumers who purchase such products end up being awed by their effectiveness and therefore develop loyalty.ICM has a role of diluting consumer skepticism over advertisements and should be used for that purpose by marketers (Kim 2006). In fact, marketers need to be on the forefront of ensuring that messages contained in ads are completely believable. Secondly, they have to liaise with senior management to ensure the development of organizational culture that involves developing and submitting ads helpful to consumers.This is in understanding that truthful advertisements that help consumers get the right products and services is usually the first step in developing long term relationship with manufacturers (FCC 2000). Repeat business that would be generated by such positive ads could fu rther help companies generate the much important brand loyalty.In addition, consumers satisfied with the advertised products end up becoming marketing tools as they embark on influencing others in respective sphere of influence to purchase the truthfully-advertised products.Tan (2002) further observed that consumer skepticism over advertisements changes with age, with the younger populations (especially from adolescents mid thirties) being more skeptic, whereas the older population are more likely to believe advertisements. Individual companies’ marketing teams should therefore ensure that ICM techniques are used to effectively address the target market.ReferencesFCC, 2000, Truth-in-Advertising Public Forum. Available At:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.fcc.gov/Speeches/Kennard/spwek937.htmlKim, Y., 2006., Consumer Skepticism and Ad Credibility. Available At:http://www.ciadvertising.org/sa/fall_05/adv392/yeojungi/index.htmTan, S. 2002. Can consumersâ⠂¬â„¢ scepticism be mitigated by claim objectivity and claim   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   extremity? Journal of Marketing Communications. Vol. 8, pp. 45-64

Quotation Analysis Essay

â€Å"Adolescence is a period of rapid changes. Between the ages of 12 and 17, for example, a parent ages as much as 20 years.† The words in this quote, by an unknown author, invite the reader to take a deeper, more insightful glance into how teenagers set out on a youthful rebellion to grow up too fast and get away from their problems. The words also invite the reader to take a deeper more insightful glance into how parents begin to age as they raise teenagers. Through literature, the author uses the point of view of the adolescent and their guardian to express how they feel as the adolescent ascents into their teenage years and starts developing their own opinions. An unknown author portrays meaning through the quote which relates to the actions of adolescents as they move through the teenage stage of their life. As teenagers grow up, they face changes in their personal, social, and educational lives. First, they start to act like they are as old as time itself which is normal but can be taken too far. By doing things on their own without anyone’s help, they also start to become very independent which is only good most of the time until it starts to get out of hand. Teenagers may also start to think they are too old for certain activities or items. They begin to act as if they are too good for some items or activities which can appear as snobbish to those who are around them. Appearing as snobbish can be a turn off, which causes friendships to be lost and relationships to be broken. This will lead to isolation from others to avoid being heart-broken or hurt. Adolescents usually can isolate themselves for a few weeks or about a month, but sometimes the non-contact with friends or family members can get to their heads making them angry or emotionally disturbed. Yelling, screaming, disobeying, slamming doors all can be the outcome of isolation even to those who you love and cherish. Parents understand that their children can have their bad days but if it continues to be on a daily basis they fear that their child’s emotional state will lead them on the wrong path. The theme of the quote is that you should enjoy your life as a teenager with your parent’s guidance. Life is full of ups and downs and we have to make the most of them while we’re still young and energetic. Enjoying your childhood will have a big impact on how you are as a person as you get older. Making a lot of friends, trying new things, and just having fun can increase your mood but also how you feel as a person. Teenagers mustn’t forget that while having fun it’s also important to spend time with your family. As you get older, you will always be treated like a baby till your gray-haired. It might seem annoying at first but it just is a reminder that in your parent’s eyes, you will always be a child. Your parents won’t always be around to comfort you and take care of you, so don’t take their love for granted and treat them badly. Parents are at an age where they may not be up to date with the modern American customs since they might come from another place. The kids are so used American customs since most were born here and the parent just use methods to teach their children how they were taught when they were young. Parents think they are giving us another way to living but they don’t realize that some of their own customs are pretty ridiculous and embarrass their children. At this time children just don’t understand that these customs are part of you and you hurt your parents by being so embarrassed. Your guardian already has problems of their own and they don’t need their children to make them feel even more horrible. Parents will be begin to feel stressed, will feel older than they actually are, and might even start to gain gray hairs. You should treat your parents with the dignity and respect they deserve while also abiding by their customs and rules. An unknown author uses words that personally relate to the Broadway musical â€Å"13†. At a certain point in their life, a teenager is ready to make their own decisions , which is similar to the decisions made by a young man in the Broadway musical â€Å"13†. The main character in the play, Evan Goldman, feels like he has to impress all the people around him and ignore how he really feels. When moving through the teenage stage of your life, you will feel like you have to impress other people to fit in or make certain impressions on certain people. To impress these people teenagers could even resort to doing criminal acts when they know it can’t be right. Peer pressure from other teens is one of the main reasons others are led astray. Goldman also feels like a teenager doesn’t have any privileges to do the fun things in life until they grow much older. Adolescents always want to experience things such as getting their driver’s license or bungee jumpi ng but they have to realize that to experience the exciting things in life, you have to be very patient. Don’t try to rush through the important stages by acting as if you are a grown man/woman when you have great privileges awaiting you. The parents in the Broadway musical â€Å"13† are so busy worrying about their children and how they act, by the end of the musical the parents are all old and incapable of taking care of their children. While their children are getting into problems between friends, the parents can only stand aside and watch since they have other problems to deal with and their child won’t even tell them what’s going on. Unfortunately in the end the parents end up not being able to help their child leaving them to deal with it themselves whether in a good or bad way. However, without the parent’s guidance the children still settled their problems in a good non-violent way so the parents don’t have to worry anymore. An unknown author presents the point of view of the child through the explanation of what the child thinks about their parents and how they think certain situations should be dealt with. Life is about responsibilities and teens want to show their parents how responsible they are. Most adolescents feel like their parents treat them like they are still 5 years old and don’t realize that their baby has grown up into a teenager. They just want to have the privileges of a mature teenager but also be treated like one. Parents also insist on telling their adolescent what to do but it can also be unnecessary because the child already knows how and what to do. Children just want to learn from experience or try what they think is right without our parent’s comments. Teenagers sometimes just want to have a simple conversation but other times being left alone can also be great. They have their moments where they just want to sit down and think about certain things without having to explain their private thoughts to someone you won’t think will understand. Parents can be the most difficult to explain to if something has happened and you just need advice. Most of the time, they cannot relate to the experience or sometimes just don’t understand. This will make teens skeptical about telling their parents anything. From the parent’s point of view, the children need to just wake up and smell the cappuccino. Life is full of problems and obstacles but the only way you can overcome them is with the guidance of your parents. If you try to deal with your problems alone, you’ll only end up hurting yourself in the end. A parent’s goal in life is for their child to be successful and happy so if they’re not happy, the parent isn’t happy. Parent’s also wish their children would understand why they make certain decisions. It’s not that they want to ruin our lives, they just want to protect us. Besides, things happen a certain way for a certain reason. Our parents just want to take care of us and make sure we have a good future. An unknown author use words to personally relate to experiences in my life. Everything has to go exactly right and it has to go my way. I won’t lie, I dislike it when my father doesn’t listen to my opinion even though it matters. If we are debating on whether or not I can go on an overnight trip with my school, it would be nice if you would listen to my reasons of why I want to go and how I could benefit from it. I’m not saying you have to agree with my opinion but listening to it can influence your decision. He thinks that something will happen on the trip and is very overprotective. I listen to what you have to say and it will probably influence on how I think about the matter. Even when I ask my parents to help me with my decisions, they always tell me â€Å"whichever one suits you best†. I can never make my own decisions on certain matters and sometimes that can either be a good or bad thing. It’s good because once someone tells me what they think I can develop my own opinion off of that but it’s bad since sometimes certain people can cause me to make a bad decision that could affect how I feel about certain topics. By the end of the day, I can’t stop thinking about what has happened in the past and what will happen in the future. Usually people come to me about their problems, but sometimes I already have my own problems to deal with so I don’t need to be involved in any more. The fact of the matter is that everyone has a way they want things to be done but it won’t always go your way. Throughout the past years, teenagers have no respect for themselves and others. Respect can open and close many doors, however, this is one trait lacking in the teenagers of today. I see teenagers on the street cursing, fighting, and carrying themselves like their parents/guardians haven’t taught them anything since day one. I know your parents spent a lot of time teaching you what’s right and what’s wrong so why let it all go to waste. Teens think they are grown and know what’s right so they rebel against their parents but what they don’t know is that your parent’s have completed school and have a job to support you. Until you have a job and a degree to prove your successful, you can’t call yourself grown. What I have also noticed is that adolescents begin to skip school and ignored their education. Doing this could affect what high school or college they make it into. If teens are as grown as they act, they would accept their priorit ies and act like a mature young adult. Adolescence can be a difficult period, however the way it is handled will define who we are and who we will become as men and women of the future. The words in this quote by an unknown author, invite the reader to take a deeper, more insightful glance into how teenagers set out on a youthful rebellion to grow up too fast and get away from their problems. Teenagers just need to stop, take in all the love/ friendship surrounding them, and also just enjoy and make the most of their life.